abstract：OBJECTIVE:Adding risk factors to a prediction model often increases the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) only slightly, particularly when the AUC of the model was already high. We investigated whether a risk factor that minimally improves the AUC may nevertheless improve the predictive abili...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Martens FK,Tonk EC,Kers JG,Janssens AC

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Previous mathematical analyses of diagnostic tests based on the categorization of a continuous measure have found that test sensitivity and specificity varies significantly by disease prevalence. This study determined if the accuracy of diagnostic codes varied by disease prevalence. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： van Walraven C,English S,Austin PC

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the application of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and the quality of evidence ratings in systematic reviews of complex interventions. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:This study examined all 40 systematic reviews published in three Cochrane Rev...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Movsisyan A,Melendez-Torres GJ,Montgomery P

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Some authors of Cochrane overviews have also (co-)authored one or more of the underlying reviews. We examined the extent of dual (co-)authorship in Cochrane overviews, how it is dealt with, and whether the issue is raised in protocols. STUDY DESIGN:The Cochrane Library was searched for overviews and protocol...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Büchter RB,Pieper D

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the development of search strategies for systematic reviews, "conceptual approaches" are generally recommended to identify appropriate search terms for those parts of the strategies for which no validated search filters exist. However, "objective approaches" based on search terms identified by text analys...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Hausner E,Guddat C,Hermanns T,Lampert U,Waffenschmidt S

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to identify the proportion of systematic reviews of adverse effects which search for unpublished data and the success rates of identifying unpublished data for inclusion in a systematic review. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Two reviewers independently screened all records published in 2014 in the Datab...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Golder S,Loke YK,Wright K,Sterrantino C

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Elderly patients are inordinately affected by surgical site infections (SSIs). This study derived and internally validated a model that used routinely collected health administrative data to measure the probability of SSI in elderly patients within 30 days of surgery. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:All people exc...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： van Walraven C,Jackson TD,Daneman N

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:In multisite human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) observational cohorts, clustering of observations often occurs within sites. Ignoring clustering may lead to "Simpson's paradox" (SP) where the trend observed in the aggregated data is reversed when the groups are separated. This study aimed to investigate the ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Jiamsakul A,Kerr SJ,Chandrasekaran E,Huelgas A,Taecharoenkul S,Teeraananchai S,Wan G,Ly PS,Kiertiburanakul S,Law M,TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD).

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:N-of-1 trials can be aggregated to estimate population treatment effects using hierarchical Bayesian models. It is very important to report core items in hierarchical Bayesian analysis. In this study, we assessed reporting of items in hierarchical Bayesian analysis for aggregating N-of-1 trials to estimate p...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Zhai J,Cao H,Ren M,Mu W,Lv S,Si J,Wang H,Chen J,Shang H

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the relationships between study quality, author prestige, journal impact factors, and citation rates of trials and to examine whether journal impact factors mediated the relationships between study quality and author prestige on citation rates. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We used bibliometric data fr...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Tanner-Smith EE,Polanin JR

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine what criteria researchers use to assess whether the estimates of effect of an intervention on a dichotomous outcome are different when obtained using different study designs. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Scoping review of the literature. We included studies of dichotomous outcomes in which authors ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Brignardello-Petersen R,Carrasco-Labra A,Jadad AR,Johnston BC,Tomlinson G

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The current format of summary of findings (SoFs) tables for presenting effect estimates and associated quality of evidence improve understanding and assist users finding key information in systematic reviews. Users of SoF tables have demanded alternative formats to express findings from systematic reviews. ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Carrasco-Labra A,Brignardello-Petersen R,Santesso N,Neumann I,Mustafa RA,Mbuagbaw L,Etxeandia Ikobaltzeta I,De Stio C,McCullagh LJ,Alonso-Coello P,Meerpohl JJ,Vandvik PO,Brozek JL,Akl EA,Bossuyt P,Churchill R,Glenton C,

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We provide a case-cohort approach and show that a full competing risk analysis is feasible even in a reduced data set. Competing events for hospital-acquired infections are death or discharge from the hospital because they preclude the observation of such infections. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Using surveilla...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Wolkewitz M,Palomar-Martinez M,Olaechea-Astigarraga P,Alvarez-Lerma F,Schumacher M

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the presence of extreme findings and fluctuation in effect size in endocrinology. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS:We systematically identified all meta-analyses published in 2014 in the field of endocrinology. Within each meta-analysis, the effect size of the primary binary outcome was compared across...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Wang Z,Alahdab F,Almasri J,Haydour Q,Mohammed K,Abu Dabrh AM,Prokop LJ,Alfarkh W,Lakis S,Montori VM,Murad MH

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Statistical interaction between a single, instantaneous exposure and attained age (age during follow-up; attained age = age at exposure + time since exposure) is used in risk analyses to assess potential effect modification by unmeasured factors correlated with age. However, the impact of such interaction on ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Izumi S,Sakata R,Yamada M,Cologne J

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To solicit experiences with and perceptions of rapid reviews from stakeholders, including researchers, policy makers, industry, journal editors, and health care providers. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:An international survey of rapid review producers and modified Delphi. RESULTS:Forty rapid review producers re...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Tricco AC,Zarin W,Antony J,Hutton B,Moher D,Sherifali D,Straus SE

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To explore user perspectives on applying the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to systematic reviews of complex interventions. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Thirty-three authors of recent (2013 onward) systematic reviews were contacted regarding their perspectives on using...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Movsisyan A,Melendez-Torres GJ,Montgomery P

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:For people with dementia, the concept of quality of life (Qol) reflects the disease's impact on the whole person. Thus, Qol is an increasingly used outcome measure in dementia research. This systematic review was performed to identify available dementia-specific Qol measurements and to assess the quality of l...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Dichter MN,Schwab CG,Meyer G,Bartholomeyczik S,Halek M

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:In a twinning partnership between the Canadian Society for International Health and Kazakhstan's Ministry of Health, a project to build capacity and a process for the adaptation and implementation of international clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) was undertaken. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A pragmatic CPG a...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： McGowan J,Muratov S,Tsepke A,Issina A,Slawecki E,Lang ES

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the concordance between two methods to measure drug exposure duration from pharmacy claim data. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We conducted a cohort study using 2002-2007 US Medicaid data. Initiators of eight drug groups were identified: statins, metformin, atypical antipsychotics, warfarin, proton p...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Sinnott SJ,Polinski JM,Byrne S,Gagne JJ

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Mendelian randomization is a popular technique for assessing and estimating the causal effects of risk factors. If genetic variants which are instrumental variables for a risk factor are shown to be additionally associated with a disease outcome, then the risk factor is a cause of the disease. However, in man...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Burgess S,Butterworth AS,Thompson JR

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine whether the number of early online accesses to medical research articles predicts citations in the scientific literature over time. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Cohort study of research articles published in the BMJ between January and June 1999. The number of online assesses within 1 week of publica...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Perneger TV

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To present a new method to estimate a "minimal important change" (MIC) of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scales, based on predictive modeling, and to compare its performance with the MIC based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. To illustrate how the new method deals with variables t...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Terluin B,Eekhout I,Terwee CB,de Vet HC

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To revise 2010 guidance on grading the strength of evidence (SOE) of the effectiveness of drugs, devices, and other preventive and therapeutic interventions in systematic reviews produced by the Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) program, established by the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AH...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Berkman ND,Lohr KN,Ansari MT,Balk EM,Kane R,McDonagh M,Morton SC,Viswanathan M,Bass EB,Butler M,Gartlehner G,Hartling L,McPheeters M,Morgan LC,Reston J,Sista P,Whitlock E,Chang S

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Case-mix adjustment is difficult for stroke outcome studies using administrative data. However, relevant prescription, laboratory, procedure, and service claims might be surrogates for stroke severity. This study proposes a method for developing a stroke severity index (SSI) by using administrative data. ST...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Sung SF,Hsieh CY,Kao Yang YH,Lin HJ,Chen CH,Chen YW,Hu YH

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of the present study was to obtain a cross-cultural adaptation and evaluation of a Simplified Chinese (SC) version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) for use in patients with low back pain (LBP). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:The TSK was translated and adapted cross-culturally following internati...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Wei X,Xu X,Zhao Y,Hu W,Bai Y,Li M

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:How often authors comment on applicability for primary care in systematic reviews of clinical trials. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We selected 4% of the Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews (CDSRs; January 2008 to October 2013). We excluded reviews when primary care trials were not eligible. We extracted wh...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Missiou A,Tatsioni A

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate cost savings from and implications of replacing the single risk with a total cardiovascular risk approach in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A cost analysis using data from the 2007-08 Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey of 1,432 persons aged 40 ye...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Abdulkadri AO,Tulloch-Reid MK,Francis DK,Gordon-Strachan GM,Younger-Coleman NO,Rocke KD,McFarlane SR,Cunningham-Myrie CA,Ferguson TS,Wilks RJ,Anderson SG

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Model specification-what adjusting variables are analytically modeled-may influence results of observational associations. We present a standardized approach to quantify the variability of results obtained with choices of adjustments called the "vibration of effects" (VoE). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We estim...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Patel CJ,Burford B,Ioannidis JP

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to develop an index derived from the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) items that is suited for clinical studies evaluating appropriateness of psychotropic drug use (PDU) for neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients with dementia in nursing homes and to test its reliability ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： van der Spek K,Gerritsen DL,Smalbrugge M,Nelissen-Vrancken MH,Wetzels RB,Smeets CH,Zuidema SU,Koopmans RT

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC curves) are often used to compare continuous diagnostic tests or determine the optimal threshold of a test; however, they do not consider the costs of misclassifications or the disease prevalence. The ROC graph was extended to allow for these aspects. STUDY ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Subtil F,Rabilloud M

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the effectiveness of interventions designed to prevent or reduce publication and related biases. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We searched multiple databases and performed manual searches using terms related to publication bias and known interventions against publication bias. We dually reviewed cit...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Thaler K,Kien C,Nussbaumer B,Van Noord MG,Griebler U,Klerings I,Gartlehner G,UNCOVER Project Consortium.

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare the impact of unconditional and conditional financial incentives on response rates among Australian general practitioners invited by mail to participate in an online survey about cancer care and to investigate possible differential response bias between incentive groups. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Young JM,O'Halloran A,McAulay C,Pirotta M,Forsdike K,Stacey I,Currow D

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To review James Jackson's analysis of bloodletting among pneumonitis patients at the newly founded Massachusetts General Hospital, in which he implemented the numerical method advocated by Pierre-Charles-Alexandre Louis. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:The study sample included 34 cases of clinically diagnosed pne...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Kahn LG,Morabia A

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess differences between three different decision-making approaches in the method of panel diagnosis as reference standard in diagnostic research. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Within a diagnostic study, the prevalence of heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was compared using...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Bertens LC,van Mourik Y,Rutten FH,Cramer MJ,Lammers JW,Hoes AW,Reitsma JB,Moons KG

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Findings from nonrandomized studies on safety or efficacy of treatment in patient subgroups may trigger postlaunch randomized clinical trials (RCTs). In the analysis of such RCTs, results from nonrandomized studies are typically ignored. This study explores the trade-off between bias and power of Bayesian RC...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Schmidt AF,Klugkist I,Klungel OH,Nielen M,de Boer A,Hoes AW,Groenwold RH

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prediction models are developed to aid health care providers in estimating the probability or risk that a specific disease or condition is present (diagnostic models) or that a specific event will occur in the future (prognostic models), to inform their decision making. However, the overwhelming evidence shows that th...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Collins GS,Reitsma JB,Altman DG,Moons KG

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To identify statistical methods for harmonization, the procedures aimed at achieving the comparability of previously collected data, which could be used in the context of summary data and individual participant data meta-analysis of cognitive measures. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Environmental scan methods wer...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Griffith LE,van den Heuvel E,Fortier I,Sohel N,Hofer SM,Payette H,Wolfson C,Belleville S,Kenny M,Doiron D,Raina P

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To present estimates of clinically meaningful or minimal important changes for the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) after joint replacement surgery. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Secondary data analysis of the NHS patient-reported outcome measures data set that included 82,415 patients list...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Beard DJ,Harris K,Dawson J,Doll H,Murray DW,Carr AJ,Price AJ

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:New evidence continues to emerge and requires attention after the release of a clinical practice guideline (CPG). The objective of this article is to describe the Document Assessment and Review (DAR) strategy designed to ensue that the CPGs remain current and their quality maintained and to present the resul...

journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors： Agbassi C,Messersmith H,McNair S,Brouwers M

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00